Evaluation of a Gas Constant (Experiment 3) Essay Example for Free

Evaluation of a Gas Constant (Experiment 3) Essay Experiment 3: Evaluation of Gas Constant Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate the ideal gas law under ordinary conditions. In this lab, the variables in the ideal gas law are known or can be found aside from the constant R. Thus, the R values can be found and relatively determine the relevancy of the ideal gas law to the lab conditions. The ideal gas law was tested using the reaction: Mg (s) + 2HCl2 (aq) H2 (g) Procedure: 1. Ribbons of magnesium (5) were cut to the approximate length of the instructor’s example and were weighed separately on scale #1. 2. HCl provided by the instructor was added to a eudiometer tube (8mL). The rest of the tube was filled with water. One of the magnesium tapes was wrapped around a piece of copper wire in the opening of the tube. 3. The eudiometer tube was then inverted over and into a 450 mL beaker with water. The initial volume was recorded. 4. While the reaction occurred, the temperature was taken at 1 minute intervals for 3 minutes. 5. After the reaction occurred, the height difference from the solution within the eudiometer tube and the top of the liquid volume in the beaker was recorded. The final volume was also recorded. Summary Table: Mean of R= .0737 Standard Deviation= .0298 Relative Standard Deviation= 40.46% Summary Table: Mean of R= .0737 Standard Deviation= .0298 Relative Standard Deviation= 40.46% Discussion: This lab was supposed to generate numbers close to the R constant by plugging in the values acquired in reaction Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid reaction. (The reaction results in H2 gas.) The mean acquired from our data set was .0737 L-ATM/mol-K as opposed to the actual constant .08206 L-ATM/mol-K. The constant we acquired was much lower in value, potentially due to the outlier in our data set: Trial Four. Trial Four resulted in the R value .0205 ATM-L/K-mol which skewed our relative mean, standard deviation and relative standard deviation. By removing the fourth trial from the data set, the new mean is .08705 L-ATM/mol-K, a closer but slightly higher R value. The standard deviation would be .00236 and the relative standard deviation would be 2.71%. These values have more precision than the 40.46% relative standard deviation and .0298 standard deviation acquired in the entire data set. I believe there must have been an error in the methodology to produce the outlier result in the fo urth trial. Too much liquid could have been spilled during the process or perhaps the magnesium did not fully react because it was so tightly bound around the copper. The error in this lab could range from those listed above and inaccurate measurements.

Power of the Quake Essay -- essays research papers fc

Power of the quake When humans are under tremendous pressure, they are told that they should try and relieve some stress. The same is true of mother earth when she is under a terrible strain; she has to relieve some stress, only Earths version of blowing off some steam is very deadly and extremely terrifying. An earthquake is a vibration of the Earths surface that follows a release of energy in the Earths crust. There are various ways this energy is released. Manmade explosions, dislocation of segments of the crust or volcanic eruptions are all triggers for an Earthquake; however, most are caused by a slippage of faults. A fault is a fracture in the Earths crust along which two blocks of the crust have slipped within one another. These faults are grouped into three categories (normal, thrust and strike-slip) and are located all over the Earth. In North America there is a very large fault that runs through California that separates the North American plate and the Pacific plate. The afore mentioned fault is called the San Andreas fault and is approximately 1300 kilometers long and a great source for Earthquakes and activity. San Andreas is unusual because unlike most faults, which are beneath the Earths surface, the San Andreas is visible on the surface. One of the bigger Earthquakes ever recorded ran along this fault and will be discussed later in the paper. The length and severity of an Earthquake does vary. Much in the way lightning is a preemptive sign that thunder will follow, foreshocks are a preemptive sign that a major Earthquake will follow. Foreshocks are small Earthquakes that last anywhere from years to hours before a major quake. When foreshocks have been monitored for making predictions it has had mixed results but if nothing else they do allow people to prepare for the potential disaster that may follow. Once that major quake does follow it can last seconds or minutes and the damage can be nil or severe. If severe then the aftershocks that follow can bring down structures that were badly damaged from the major quake. This whole process is repetitious, taking place along faults with powerful quakes once every two years and moderate quakes averaging 40 per year. Scientists’ estimate more than 8,000 minor quakes take place each day but do not cause any damage. Fault lines are not limited to the land. They do run under the water and the str... ...ds of lives. Humans’ ability to cope with natural disaster such as an Earthquake will be an ongoing struggle. The best hope relies on better predictions, better structural design and ultimately no fatalities. Works Cited Dunegan, H.L. (1996, June 11-13). Prediction of Earthquakes home what’s new about AE/MS. (6th Conference on AE/MS activity in geologic structures and materials) Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol. 86, NO. 1A, pp. 204-211 McNally, Karen C (2002, February 16). â€Å"Earthquake† World Book Online Americas Edition, www./wbol/na/ar/co/171680. p.1-13 Mooney, M.J. (1990). Tsunami. (When the sea quakes) Americas, vol. 42 Issue 4, p.24,5p,1diagram,2C. www.oem1.epnet.com/oemfulltext.asp?resultSetId=R00000000&hitNum=2&booleanTerm.com Anonymous (1997,Oct 23). How Earthquakes Happen (Aerial view of the San Andreas fault in the Carrizo Plain, Central California). Education and Outreach http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq1/how.html Unknown (1906, April 19). Earthquake and Fire San Francisco in Ruins Call Chronicle Examiner (First Newspaper Report Home Index by year Biographies the gift shop) www.sfmuseum.org/press/clip.html

Equality Diversity and Rights

As a health and social care professional it is part of your role to understand the bases of discrimination and to make sure you don’t discriminate a individual in any sort of way as it can have a negative effect on the individual leading to further problems. Culture A person’s culture is very important to them and indentifies them who they are. It is important to respect everyone’s culture regardless when they come from, everyone should be treated as an individuals and treated fairly. In a health and social care setting it is important at all times to respect an individual’s culture and not to discriminate against them. Disability As a professional you will be working with many people who are different various types of disability, under no circumstances should a disabled person be discriminated against just because of their disability or seen different from everyone else. Many people don’t think about the individual but see the disability first and see them different from the rest which can lead to bullying. Social class Our social class is based on where we live. The higher the class, the better the place is. This can lead to people being discriminated against due to people who don’t have a lot of money and can’t afford some things. Age Age discrimination happens when someone is restricted to do certain things because of their age. In health and social no individuals should be discriminated against because of their age. Age shouldn’t be a problem to anyone; they are still entitled to everything just as everyone else is. An example of this will be an elderly needing an operation but the surgeons saying they can’t undergo the surgery due to their age; this is discriminating against their age and putting them at risk as the surgery may be essential and can maybe save their life. Gender A person may be turned away or discriminated due to their gender. An example may be a male doctor giving better treatment to another male. This is discrimination and everyone should be treated fairly and not be discriminated because of their gender. Sexuality A person can be discriminated due to their sexual orientation. Sexual orientation can refer to a person who is attracted to the same sex. Some people think it’s wrong to be attracted to the same sex so they may start to bully the person or make them feel left out or different from the others. Health status Sometimes decisions have to be made about an individual medical treatment, bearing in mind the cost of the treatment and an individual’s life expectancy. Family status This can lead to a variety of discriminations against gay/lesbian parents, single parents, and parents with different races. An example of this would be a child getting bullied at school due to the fact his dad is gay and is attracted to the same sex. This can have a negative effect on a person and may feel that they are different from the rest. Cognitive Ability Cognitive ability is the way individual processes information in their brain can be the cause of discrimination particularly for those with learning difficulties. Health and social care staff may find them hard and challenging to work with and may apply labels to them.

I See Xerxes As An Effective King Or Bumbling Tyrant

Xerxes the Great, King of Persia and Media, Pharaoh of Egypt, the Great King, the King of Kings, and King of Nations. Throughout history, the view of Xerxes has varied, and depending on which historian you spoke to, and their context, you would hear a completely different story. Some said Xerxes signalled the downfall of the Persian empire, but others say he was an effective king marred by plain bad luck. It is my goal to delve into the vast range of sources on Xerxes and his reign, rise to prominence, and eventual assassination. From this I will not discover the definitive truth; only one interpretation of it. However, I will come to a conclusion as to whether I see Xerxes as an effective king or bumbling tyrant. Xerxes was the son of†¦show more content†¦His opponents, a group of allied Greek city states, appeared to be an easy target; as in the 10 years following the Ionian revolts, the Greeks did nothing to prepare or protect against future conflict which was clearly inevitable. Xerxes was also well aware of his vastly superior numbers. The leader of the aforementioned alliance, King Leonidas, whilst a Spartan, did not concern Xerxes to a great extent; as due to his own nation s unbending loyalty to its religious festivals, meant that their participation in warfare would be limited- and in the Battle of Thermopylae, it was estimated only 300 Spartans actually fought. (As a side note, modern historians such as (confirm source) attribute as many as 1000 Spartans to the battle of Thermopylae. As a whole, King Leonidas only contribution to the war was his death; and his efforts did little to improve Greece s position. [Hellespont/getting to greece] The second Persian invasion of Greece was an incredibly vast attack, featuring several battles; the most important of which being the battles of Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea. Xerxes spent three years preparing with patience, working through diplomatic and military preparations. His first act during the invasion which brings his ability into question was the crossing of the Hellespont. It is frequently used as evidence of Xerxes insanity, and his lust for conquering nature itself, potentially wanting to be seen as a god.